TABLE OF CONTENTS

20. Aboriginal Land Use And Culture

20.1 Existing Environment

20.1.1 Environmental Assessment Boundaries

20.1.1.1 Administrative Boundaries

20.1.2 Technical Boundaries
20.1.3 Methods
20.1.4 Existing Conditions

20.1.4.1 Land Use, Subsistence and Material Culture
20.1.4.2 Importance of Country Foods
20.1.4.3 Loss of Economic Independence
20.1.4.4 Spirituality
20.1.4.5 Education, Language and Culture

20.1.5 Likely Future Conditions

20.2 Environmental Effects Assessment

20.2.1 Loss of Control

20.2.1.1 Cultural Dislocation
20.2.1.2 Subsistence
20.2.1.3 Impaired Mobility and Access
20.2.1.4 Contamination of Country Foods
20.2.1.5 Accidental Events

20.2.2 Cumulative Environmental Effects

20.2.2.1 Comprehensive Land Claim Settlements
20.2.2.2 Utshimassits Relocation
20.2.2.3 Kamistastin River Hydroelectric Development
20.2.2.4 Mineral Exploration Activities
20.2.2.5 Military Flying
20.2.2.6 Trans Labrador Highway

20.2.3 Environmental Design and Optimization

20.3 Residual Environmental Effects

20.3.1 Construction
20.3.2 Operation
20.3.3 Decommissioning and Post-Decommissioning
20.3.4 Accidental Events
20.3.5 Follow Up Program

20.4 References

Appendix 20A "Spirituality" and the Inuit and Innu of Labrador
Appendix 20B Environmental Effects Assessment Synthesis: Aboriginal Land Use and Culture

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 20.1 Major Snowmobile and Small Boat Routes
Figure 20.2 Composite Land Use Map - Figures 20.3-20.11
Figure 20.3 Mushuau Innu Caribou, Moose and Black Bear Hunting Areas, 1979-1987
Figure 20.4 Mushuau Innu Trapping Areas 1979-1987
Figure 20.5 Mushuau Innu Small Game And Fish Harvesting Areas 1979-1987
Figure 20.6 Mushuau Innu Migratory Waterfowl Hunting Areas 1979-1987
Figure 20.7 Mushuau Innu Seal Hunting Areas 1979-1987
Figure 20.8 Ecological Map: Animal Sightings Breeding, Denning and Nesting Areas of Recovering and New Species
Figure 20.9 Spring-Summer Resource Harvesting Activities, 1977-1997
Figure 20.10 Autumn-Winter Resource Harvesting Activities, 1977-1997
Figure 20.11 Commercial Fishing Locations
Figure 20.12 Seasonal Consumption of Birds, Fish, Land Mammals and Seals in Nain, 1980-1981

LIST OF TABLES

Table 20.1 A Glimpse of Innu Land Use in the Voisey's Bay Area
Table 20.2 Summary of Recent Utshimassits Innu Subsistence Activities
Table 20.3 Summary of Inuit Subsistence Activities in the Nain-Hopedale Region, Before 1960
Table 20.4 Summary of Inuit Subsistence Activities in the Nain-Hopedale Region, 1960-1975
Table 20.5 Total Quantity of Fish, Mammals and Birds Harvested by all Reporting Households in Makkovik, July 1980 to June 1981 (N=62)
Table 20.6 Estimated Number of Animals Harvested and Edible Kilograms of Meat Produced by Utshimassits During January 1 to December 31, 1987
Table 20.7 Potential Environmental Effects on Aboriginal Land Use and Culture
Table 20.8 Summary of Residual Environmental Effects