Chapter 6 - Issues Scoping and Valued Environmentla Components

6 Issues Scoping and Valued Environmental Components

Issues scoping is the process used to focus the environmental assessment on issues and concerns identified by the public, technical experts, and regulatory agencies. The comments received are organized and evaluated to identify Valued Environmental Components (VECs): those components which are both valued by society and can serve as indicators of environmental change.

6.1 Issues Scoping

The issues scoping process conducted for the Project consisted of three main components: workshops and open houses conducted by VBNC, issues scoping studies undertaken by the Innu Nation and Labrador Inuit Association (LIA) and funded by VBNC, and scoping meetings held by the Panel.

VBNC communications and public consultation initiatives are presented in Chapter 5.

VBNC presented information and consulted with the public regarding the Project, its baseline studies, and environmental assessment. Initial discussions and meetings led to two rounds of open houses within Labrador North Coast communities. VBNC also held two sets of issues scoping workshops with representatives from the federal and provincial governments, LIA, and the Innu Nation. Figure 6.1 is an outline of Project-environment interactions used to focus issues scoping at the two workshops held in St. John's and in Happy Valley-Goose Bay in May 1996. Discussions at these workshops helped to refine the VECs, which are presented in this EIS. VBNC held several additional subject-specific workshops to better understand issues such as shipping, waste management, and bears.

At the request of Innu Nation and LIA, VBNC funded issues scoping studies for the Innu Nation in 1995 and LIA in 1996. These studies facilitated the consideration of Innu Nation and LIA issues in the environmental assessment and project planning.

The Innu Nation retained consultants (the Taiga Institute) to conduct issues scoping and work was initiated in December 1995. The Taiga Institute completed its draft report "Social, Cultural and Economic Issues Scoping Research Report and Terms of Reference for a Socio-Economic Baseline Study" in February of 1996. During this same time, the Innu Nation Task Force on Mining Activities was established to inform communities about mining and to find out what people were thinking about mining so as to provide direction to Innu Nation leadership as to whether to negotiate an Impact and Benefits Agreement. The Task Force communicated with and obtained information from Innu communities through interviews (78 in Utshimassits and 65 in Sheshatshiu), questionnaires (11 completed in Utshimassits and 6 in Sheshatshiu), workshops, newsletters, and radio programs. The Task Force summarized its findings in a report, "Ntesinan Nteshiniminan Nteniunan - Between a Rock and a Hard Place" (Innu Nation Task Force on Mining Activities 1996). The report emphasizes the importance of the land to Innu culture, the resolution of land rights, employment, socioeconomic benefits, and environmental assessment issues.

Figure 6.1 Preliminary Analysis of Interactions Between the Proposed Project Activities and Components of the Environment

The LIA issues scoping study was based on 46 focus group meetings and four public meetings held between February and June 1996. Meetings were held in Nain, Hopedale, Makkovik, Postville, Rigolet, North West River, and Happy Valley-Goose Bay. A summary was prepared for each community. The LIA issues scoping report, "Seeing the Land is Seeing Ourselves" (Williamson 1996) groups issues according to the following categories: ownership and control of land and resources; information and communication; environmental impact and protection; the impact of mining and mineral exploration on the Inuit culture; jobs and training; social, health, and safety concerns; and compensation, royalties, and other benefits.

The Panel, appointed in January 1997, conducted scoping meetings during April and May 1997. The Panel held public meetings in North Coast Communities and in St. John's. Over 140 oral and written submissions were received.

Issues scoping efforts conducted by VBNC, the Innu Nation, LIA, and the Panel have all contributed greatly to the understanding of the issues and concerns related to the Project. The issues identified are summarized in Appendix 6A.

6.2 Selection of Valued Environmental Components
It is generally recognized that there is a need to focus on those environmental components, known as VECs, which have the greatest relevance to the final environmental assessment decision (CEAA 1996; Beanlands and Duinker 1983). VECs are generally defined as environmental attributes or components of the environment that are valued by society as identified through issues scoping. They are determined on the basis of perceived public concerns. VECs were selected from the issues outlined in Appendix 6A, based on the concerns indicated in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1 Basis for Selection of Valued Environmental Components

	Values and Concerns
VECs	Social/ Cultural	Economic	Regulatory	Technical
Atmospheric environment	X		X	X
Ice	X			X
Water	X	X	X	X
Freshwater fish and fish habitat	X	X	X	X
Marine fish and habitat	X	X	X	X
Marine mammals	X	X	X	X
Plant communities	X			X
Waterfowl and seabirds	X	X	X	X
Caribou	X	X	X	X
Black bear	X		X	X
Species of special conservation status			X	X
Historic resources	X		X	X
Aboriginal land use and culture	X	X	X	X
Employment and business	X	X	X
Local, regional and provincial economies	X	X	X
Services and infrastructure	X	X	X
Family and community	X		X

As a result of the analysis of information from issues scoping and the identification of VECs, it is evident that some VECs are pathways (Table 6.2) for environmental effects. The atmospheric environment (air), water, and ice are pathway VECs since they are the means through which effects may be conveyed to other VECs. For example, changes to water quality and quantity could have implications for fish by affecting habitat, food supply, oxygen, and contaminant uptake. Similarly, employment and business, and economies are both VECs that serve as pathways.

For example, changes in employment due to Project development will stimulate the movement of new Project employees to communities designated as VBNC pick-up points. The resulting increase in populations in these communities may cause increased demands on community services and infrastructure and may lessen the demand in other communities.

Table 6.2 Valued Environmental Components

Biophysical Pathway VECs	Biophysical VECs	Socioeconomic Pathway VECs	Socioeconomic VECs
atmospheric environment water ice	freshwater fish and habitat marine fish and habitat marine mammals waterfowl and seabirds	employment and business local, regional and provincial economies	Aboriginal land use and culture services and infrastructure family and community plant communities caribou black bear species of special conservation status historic resources

The following is a summary of the rationale for VEC selection. VECs are presented in order of discussion in the EIS, but are not ranked by importance. Pathway VECs are presented before related VECs so that any changes to a pathway VEC are discussed prior to any discussion regarding the effects of these changes on another VEC.

The Atmospheric Environment is important for the health and safety of people living and working near the Project site, as well as to local wildlife and vegetation. The Project will produce air emissions due to engine and ventilation exhausts, as well as dust from blasting, excavation, milling, vehicle emissions, road use and other Project activities. The atmospheric environment is a pathway for contaminants to the food chain due to the transport of particles to the surrounding vegetation and water. Air quality and local climate conditions are important to overall ecosystem health and to other VECs. Air emissions are regulated federally and provincially.

Ice is important because it is used as a winter travel route for people as well as caribou, and because it provides habitat for marine mammals such as seals. Icebreaking activity associated with winter shipping will affect ice conditions.

Water is valued since it is important for drinking water, as well as habitat for fish, wildlife, and vegetation. The Project will involve diversions (e.g., away from tailing basins), flooding (e.g., at tailings basins), effluent discharge, and modification to groundwater flow. In addition to its use as drinking water and as habitat, water is a pathway for contaminant transport to the food chain. Water quality and quantity is regulated federally and provincially.

Freshwater Fish and Fish Habitat are important since fish provide food for people and wildlife. The Project will alter aquatic habitat and restrict fish movement within some watershed(s). Freshwater fish and fish habitat are addressed by federal legislation.

Marine Fish and Habitat are valued since marine fish provide food for people as well as marine predators such as seals. The Project will alter marine habitat at the port site. Marine fish and fish habitat are regulated federally.

Marine Mammals such as ringed and harp seals are harvested by people for food and fur. Other marine mammals such as beluga and narwhals are less common. Seal habitat in ice (dens and breathing holes) can be affected by vessel traffic in winter. The commercial harvesting of seals is regulated federally.

Plant Communities are valued by people both intrinsically and for their ability to provide food, fuel, medicines, and construction material. The land provides food and habitat for wildlife and wood and country food for people. Project development will remove vegetation and disturb soil cover. Rare species are protected according to federal legislation.

Waterfowl and Seabirds inhabit the Voisey's Bay area seasonally and are valued as a food source along the coast. Project development will disrupt some bird habitat and project activities have the potential to disturb some life cycle activities. The harvesting of waterfowl and seabirds is managed provincially.

Caribou of the George River Herd are valued throughout northern Labrador. Both Inuit and Innu have maintained a close association with caribou for centuries and caribou figure prominently in their respective cultures. Caribou are a source of food for subsistence and commercial hunters, as well as for predators such as wolf and black bear and scavengers, such as common raven and gray jay. Project development will alter some habitat and project activities have the potential to alter travel and behaviour patterns when animals are present in the area of the Project. The George River Caribou Herd is managed by the provincial governments of Newfoundland and Labrador and Quebec (within their respective jurisdictions).

The Black Bear is abundant in northern Labrador. It has a strong cultural importance for Innu, and is hunted for food and fur. Black bears can be affected by disturbance to habitat and encounters with people working within the area of the Project. The harvesting of black bears is managed by the Province.

Species of Special Conservation Status are valued due to their ecological vulnerability and sensitivity to habitat disturbance. The species considered within this VEC are harlequin duck, peregrine falcon, polar bear and beluga whale. The rationale for including these species is i) they have low abundance and are protected under the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) and international commitments (e.g., International Agreement for the Conservation of Polar Bears) and ii) all of these can be found in or near the area of the Project. Project development will disrupt some terrestrial and aquatic habitat and could affect life cycle activities. The protection of rare species is addressed by federal legislation.

Historic Resources are important because of the information they reveal about past and contemporary ways of life, cultural identity, and relationships and interactions with other cultures and the biophysical environment. Archaeological resources that predate European contact are particularly important for the Innu and Inuit peoples of Labrador because information that can be retrieved from sites and artifacts represents the physical archives of their past. Project development could result in the loss or alteration of historic resources. Historic resources in the province are protected under provincial legislation.

Aboriginal Land Use and Culture are valued greatly in northern Labrador. Many Aboriginal people continue to pursue elements of a traditional lifestyle, spending time in the country harvesting fish, game, berries, and firewood. Aboriginal land use and culture could be affected by Project development through the loss or alteration of harvesting areas and loss of mobility and reduced access to harvesting areas.

Employment and Business are valued by individuals who may benefit directly or indirectly from cash income generated by the project. Changes in the level of employment and business activity affect the standard of living of individuals and can result in increased change in communities that are directly affected by project activities. Employment and business are regulated by the provincial and federal governments.

Local, Regional and Provincial Economies are important for residents of Labrador and Newfoundland. Many North Coast residents rely on the traditional economy. Project revenues and expenditures may affect both traditional and wage economies. The Project will also affect taxation and the cost of living for some communities, as well as for the province as a whole.

Services and Infrastructure are important to residents of northern Labrador. The quality and capacity of services in a community contribute to the overall standard of living and quality of life provided to residents. Project employment and spending may stimulate the movement of people towards service centres and pick-up points, leading to increased demands on community services and infrastructure where this occurs. Community services and infrastructure are administered by municipal and provincial governments and Band Councils for Innu Nation.

Family and Community is a valued component of overall quality of life. Traditional culture and family life are linked together and rely in part on subsistence activities that may be affected by the Project. Project employment will result in increased household incomes for some, rotational work schedules, changes in domestic roles, relocation of families and cultural change. These changes will influence patterns of family life. Family and social services are provided by local, regional, and provincial agencies.

6.3 References

Beanlands, G.E. and P. N. Duinker. 1983. An Ecological Framework for Environmental Impact Assessment in Canada. Published by: Institute for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University and Federal Environmental Assessment Review Office, Hull, P.Q.

CEAA (Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency). 1996. Guide to the Preparation of a Comprehensive Study under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act for Proponents and Responsible Authorities. Draft 3.

Innu Nation Task Force on Mining Activities. 1996. Ntesinan Nteshiniminan Nteniunan - Between a Rock and a Hard Place.

Taiga Institute for Land Culture and Economy. 1996. Social, Cultural and Economic Issues Scoping Research Report and Terms of Reference for a Socio-Economic Baseline Study. Prepared for Innu Nation Economic Development.

Williamson, T. 1996. Seeing the Land is Seeing Ourselves: Final Report - Labrador Inuit Association Issues Scoping Project. Prepared for Labrador Inuit Association.

Appendix 6A
Cross Reference of Issues Raised
About the Project to EIS Chapters

LEGEND

Sources

The following acronymns have been cited as sources. When following by a number in parentheses, the citation refers to a Panel scoping submission (as numbered by the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency).

ACOA Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency
DFO Fisheries and Oceans Canada
DOE Environment Canada
LIA Labrador Inuit Association
LIHC Labrador Inuit Health Commission
LMA Labrador Metis Association
NRCan Natural Resources Canada
PTLC Provincial Technical Liaison Committee

EIS Chapter

Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Regional Ecological Context
Chapter 3 Project Description
Chapter 4 Environmental, Health, and Safety Management Systems
Chapter 5 Communications and Public Consultation
Chapter 6 Issues Scoping and Valued Environmental Components
Chapter 7 Environmental Assessment Methods
Chapter 8 Atmospheric Environment
Chapter 9 Ice
Chapter 10 Water
Chapter 11 Freshwater Fish and Fish Habitat
Chapter 12 Marine Fish and Habitat
Chapter 13 Marine Mammals
Chapter 14 Plant Communities
Chapter 15 Waterfowl and Seabirds
Chapter 16 Caribou
Chapter 17 Black Bear
Chapter 18 Species of Special Conservation Status
Chapter 19 Historic Resources
Chapter 20 Aboriginal Land Use and Culture
Chapter 21 Employment and Business
Chapter 22 Local, Regional, and Provincial Economies
Chapter 23 Services and Infrastructure
Chapter 24 Family and Community

Cross Reference of Issues Raised About the Project to EIS Chapters

Issue	Concern	Source	EIS Chapter
Aboriginal knowledge	could assist baseline studies and project planning	open houses (Postville, Makkovik, Nain Nov /Dec 95); Williamson report for LIA p.27, 39, 71; LIA - Goose Bay May 28/96;	4, 5
	elders should be consulted	Williamson report for LIA, p. 16	4, 5
	local people should advise on site	Williamson report for LIA, p. 17	4
	Inuktitut names should be used (Inuit name for Voisey's Bay is Tasiujatsoak)	Williamson report for LIA, p. 10, 27, 71; Voisey's Bay News Dec. 96; Jan 97 p. 21	4
	Innu names should be used	Voisey's Bay News Aug 96 p. 33	4
	importance, Innu role and worldview	Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97)	1, 7
	very important	Makkovik citizen (90)	1, 7
	obtain through review of EIS by Inuit - LIA may submit proposal to Panel	LIA (25) p14, 15	n/a
	must be incorporated in monitoring program	LIA (25) p15	4
	traditional knowledge studies should be done in partnership with community, government and VBNC with community control	LIHC (29) p25	7
	VBNC/Innu Nation agreement to use video info, and aquatic ecosystems study completed for DFO	Ashini/Napier (P) p1	1, 7
	TEK is a worldview, a framework for assessing impacts; cosmology, moral relationship with land	Ashini (132) p16-18; Henriksen (114) p3	1, 7
	Innu should prepare report on TK	Ashini (132) p20	7
	lack of agreement with VBNC re socioeconomic studies and aboriginal knowledge	Cleghorn (131) p1-2	7
	Proposal	Innu Nation (46); Clement (111)	7
	Innu should do their own EIA	Innu Nation (46) p15; Clement (111)	7
Accidents	probability and consequences	DOE (2) p16	3
Accommodations	examine alternatives including townsite	PTLC (13) p14	3
Adjacency principle	Unclear	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97); LMA (98) p7-8, 18	4
Advanced infrastructure	implications of registration on EA process	St. John's, Hopedale scoping meetings (April 28, May 26/97)	n/a
	Innu Nation opposition	St. John's scoping meeting (April 28/97)	n/a
	LIA opposition	Goose Bay, Hopedale scoping meeting (May 13, 26/97)	n/a
	Panel should write letter to Province, legal action, mistrust	Hopedale scoping meeting (May 26/97)	n/a
Aesthetics	visual impacts of each development stage	LIA (25) p23	3
	aesthetic and recreational value of land for Innu	Henriksen (114) p5,6	3, 20
Air quality	dust, pollutants	open houses (Postville, Makkovik, Goose Bay Nov/Dec 95); St. John's scoping meeting (April 28/97)	8
	air emissions should be used to determine project boundaries	St. John's scoping meeting (April 28/97)	8
	emissions and climate change	DOE (2) p16; DOE (55) p5; LMA (98) p14	8
Air traffic	flights over wildlife and disturbance to hunting	"Innu Nation Guidelines for the Mining Industry" p. 14; Williamson report for LIA p. 46, 47; Voisey's Bay News Dec 96 p. 29	13, 15-17
	congestion, noise disturbance, safety concerns in Nain	open house Postville Nov 21/95; Williamson report for LIA p. 30, open house Nain July 96; Voisey's Bay News Dec 96 p. 29	23
	airport design, pre-operation, operation	Transport Canada (5) p37	3
	noise and safety concerns in Nain	Webbs Family (21) p6; Wolfrey (88) p12	3
	effects on wildlife	LIHC (29) p25; Collective Voices of Women (108) p3	13, 15-18
	reduced access to seats and freight during winter due to VBNC use	Wolfrey (88) p12	3
alcohol and drug abuse	money management problems, imports to communities by LDC workers, company policies, bootlegging, support for community programs	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p7; LIHC (29) p16; Health Canada (3) p23, 27; Postville Women's Group (93) p3; Postville Youth (95) p2; PTLC (117) p6	4, 23, 24
	women's safety concerns at site, management must enforce rules	Collective Voices of Women (107) p5, (108) p13,14	3
	requirements of local RCMP detachment, prevention of alcohol and substance abuse at site	Town Council of Nain (16) p7	3
authorship	authors should be named on reports	Innu Nation - Goose Bay, May 28/96	1
bears	prevention of encounters and management strategies	LIA, Innu - Goose Bay, May 29/96; Voisey's Bay News March 97 p. 2	4, 17
	poor treatment of bears at work site - entrapment, feeding, garbage on site, shooting, harassment	Innu Nation Task Force p. 35; Voisey's Bay News Feb 97 p. 13; March 97 p. 2	4
	cultural importance and waste of bear carcass	Taiga Institute p. 7; Innu Nation Task Force p. 38	4, 20
	black bear is very sacred to Innu	Voisey's Bay News July 96 p. 14; March 97 p. 2	20
	bear management plans	Harrington (110) p16	4
benefits	timing of community benefits	LIHC (29) p25	4, 21-24
	mine development should provide better standard of living for North Coast	Town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay (104) p3	20-24
	money should be already going to Regional Economic Development Committee	LIHC (29) p27	22
biodiversity	habitat loss and fragmentation, wetland functions, increased access to migratory birds, disturbance due to air traffic	DOE (2) p17	1, 14-18
	assessment details	Schindler (115) p4	1, 7
business opportunities	description	Town Council of Nain (16) p3	21, 22
	use Labrador businesses and skills, identify supply centres	Terpstra (44); Labrador North Chamber of Commerce (102) p3; Naskapi (105) p18, Collective Voices of Women (108) p25; Postville Development Committee (133) p1	21, 22
	purchase of lumber from Postville sawmill	Town Council of Postville (94) p1; Postville Development Committee (133) p2	21, 22
	backhauling of goods and services from Argentia will reduce benefits to Goose Bay	Labrador North Chamber of Commerce (102) p3	21, 22
	purchase of goods and services from Aboriginal suppliers in Labrador and Quebec	Naskapi (105) p17	4, 21, 22
	demand for outfitting and guiding	Naskapi (105) p18	21, 22
	women may not benefit if they don't have assets to establish companies	Collective Voices of Women (108) p23	n/a
caribou	less healthy, low fat content, cumulative effects of low-level flying and mining	Sheshatshiu Feb 17/95	16
	exploration and development effects on caribou, migration and calving grounds	open houses (Makkovik, Nain Nov/Dec 95) Nain, May 8/95; Williamson report for LIA p. 38, 47; Innu Nation Task Force p. 35, 36, 71; Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97)	16
	effects of noise, dust and helicopter activity	open house Rigolet Nov 24/95	16
	effects of tailings pipeline on caribou migration	Innu Nation - Goose Bay, May 28/96; Postville Nov 21/95	16
	importance to Innu	Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97); Henriksen (114) p9	16, 20
	migration areas	LIA (25) p13; Town Council of Postville (94) p1; Naskapi (105) p14	2, 16
	winter caribou habitat	PTLC (13) p12-13; Naskapi (105) p14	9, 16
	shipping impacts and use of island habitat	PTLC (13) p12-13; Naskapi (105) p14	9, 16
	effects from contaminants, effects on lichens and fish	Naskapi (105) p14; Robin Goodfellow & Assoc (143)	11, 14, 16
caribou	increased hunting pressure due to increased human presence and increased competition with Aboriginal harvesting	Naskapi (105) p15; Robin Goodfellow & Assoc (143)	20
	migration patterns have been disturbed	Collective Voices of Women (108) p3	16
	potential cottage industry for felt made from caribou hair	Robin Goodfellow & Assoc (143)	n/a
climate	project effects on community	Town Council of Nain (16) p3	8
	meteorological and hydrological influences on project, global climate change, storm events	DOE (2) p15; DOE (55) p4; Harrington (110) p18; Chambers (112) p6	8, 10
	greenhouse gas emissions	DOE (2) p17	8
	shipping channel may create more open water due to wind and this could affect weather conditions such as fog	Makkovik citizen (91) p1	8, 9
commercial fisheries	impacts	DFO (1) p7,8	12
communications	need more comprehensive, balanced information and consultation	open houses (Makkovik Nov 22/95, Hopedale Feb/96); Innu Nation Task Force p. 73; Williamson report for LIA, p. 7, 22, 45, 53, 61; Postville scoping meeting (May 12/97)	5
	appropriate pace	Innu Nation Task Force p. 17, 90; open house Makkovik July 96	4, 5
	translation for elderly and unilingual Inuit	Williamson report for LIA, p. 8, 16, 23, 69	Summary and Conclusion
	participation of youth	Williamson report for LIA, p. 23, 45, 46	4, 5
	fishers and trappers in Voisey's Bay area should be consulted	Williamson report for LIA, p. 23	5
	more contact with Nain town council, and between town councils and LIA membership	Williamson report for LIA, p. 8; Nain scoping meeting (April 16/17 97)	1, 4
	difficult to understand corporate structure and who to contact	open house Nain Dec 2/95	1
	VBNC should establish office in Goose Bay	open house Goose Bay Aug 96	1
	hiring practices, business opportunities, training	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97)	3
	plans for consultation with women, youth, elders and frontline workers	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p9; Postville Women's Group (93) p5; Postville Youth (95) p2; Collective Voices of Women (107) p3, (108) p6, 19, 25	5
	inadequate consultation	Town Council of Nain (16) p3, 6; Williams (20) p1; LIA (25) p9; Wolfrey (88) p7; Ford (89) p2	5
	clear, accurate, understandable information needed, full communications plan	LIHC (29) p20, 26, 27; LMA (98) p9; Town Council of Postville (94) p2; Collective Voices of Women (108) p29	5
	respect and listen to local people, especially elders	LIHC (29) p27	5
	clarify "consultation"	Heathcote (116) p20	n/a
	many opportunities for public consultation	Wheeler (W)	5
	use local radio stations, local people, and easily understandable information in English	Ford (92) p2	5
	site tours	Town Council of Postville (94) p2	5
	include Naskapi	Naskapi (105) p19	7
	VBNC liaison person in each community	Postville Development Committee (133) p1	n/a
	VBNC planning must leave room for choices for the Innu	Henriksen (33) p14	4
community life	definition, community services, experience of other projects, effects of large male population	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p5; Williams (20) p2	23, 24
	pressures on community infrastructure if people move to Nain	Town Council of Nain (16) p7; Junck (18 - Moravian Minister) p1; Williams (20) p2	23, 24
	role of Nain as a service centre	Town Council of Nain (16) p11	23,24
	change in aboriginal/non-aboriginal ratio in communities could cause cross cultural tensions	Health Canada (3) p23; Webbs Family (21) p5; LIHC (29) p25; LMA (98) p15	23, 24
community life	tensions between employed and unemployed	Health Canada (3) p23	21, 23, 24
	community infrastructure demands; service gaps may stress women's volunteer work	ACOA (4) p30; LMA (98) p16; Postville Women's Group (93) p5	23
	need for youth recreational facilities	Postville Youth (95) p2	23, 24
	impacts on Goose Bay	Town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay (104) p4	22, 24
	wood gathering for elderly may be affected when young workers are away	Collective Voices of Women (108) p26	24
	charitable contributions by VBNC should be screened by advisory panels of women to determine greatest need	Collective Voices of Women (108) p26	4
comparative data	integration into EIA	Innu Nation - Goose Bay May 28/96	7
compensation	fund Innu culture, country visits, jobs in community, training, community and outpost programs and infrastructure	open houses (Postville, Makkovik Nov 95, Sheshatshiu Feb 96); Innu Nation Task Force p. 12, 84, 85, 94; Williamson report for LIA, p. 19, 31, 42, 43, 59, 66, 74	4, 23, 24
	royalties are most important benefit - could improve community infrastructure	Williamson report for LIA, p. 12, 18	1, 4, 23
	strains on infrastructure, land and housing in Nain, inflation - should pay user fees	Williamson report for LIA, p. 13, 18, 31, 59	4, 23
	environmental damage, impact on country foods	Williamson report for LIA, p. 13, 18, 25	8-20
	fair compensation and royalties should be VBNC priority	Voisey's Bay News June 96 p. 16; open house Makkovik July 96	4
	mine development should not proceed unless Nain benefits	open house (Nain - July 96)	4
	people should get company shares	Williamson report for LIA p. 51	4
	royalties could be used to start up new fisheries	Williamson report for LIA p. 58	4
	royalties could be used to develop a credit or loan institution	Williamson report for LIA p. 59	4
	compensation for individual families in Voisey's Bay area	Williamson report for LIA p. 68	4
	Youth Group and Development Committee should receive funding	Postville scoping meeting (May 12/97)	4
	marine environment, Inuit harvesting	LIA (25) p20	11, 13, 20
	mitigation and compensation measures	DFO (1) piii, 10, 11	4
	monitoring is part of fish habitat loss compensation	DFO (1) p13	4
	royalties	Wolfrey (88) p9	4
cooperation, partnership	opportunity to work together	LIHC (29) p17	3
	Innu want to be partners in decision making	Paul Rich (113) p3	3, 4
	efforts to address hopelessness	Webbs (43)	20-24
culture, land use and rights	importance, loss of traditional way of life, hunting, social problems	open house Goose Bay Aug 96; Innu Nation Task Force p. 14, 49 - 55, 71; Williamson report for LIA p. 27, 39, 40, 48, 49, 70; Sheshatshiu scoping meeting May 15/97	1, 2, 20
	different values	Innu Nation Task Force p. 37	2, 20
	cooperation and sharing may be replaced by competition and accumulation	Williamson report for LIA, p. 10, 55	20-24
	Inuit want to be in control of process	Williamson report for LIA, p. 9	n/a
	employment may result in loss of traditional lifestyle	Voisey's Bay News Nov 96, p. 23; Williamson report for LIA p. 63	20-24
	respect - cross-cultural training	Williamson report for LIA p. 39, 49, 74; Voisey's Bay News Jan 97 p. 13	3
	lifestyle should not have to change due to development - decisions should not be based on money	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	3
	gender analysis, ethnicity, racism, craft production, cumulative effects, incorporation of culture at site	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p4	3, 20-24
	traditional seasonal hunting, fishing, trapping and gathering, travel and gun restrictions, safe unrestricted access	DFO (1) piii, 1, 7, 8; Town Council of Nain (16) p10; LIHC (29) p16, Collective Voices of Women (108) p25	3, 20
	insensitivity to culture	Webbs Family (21) p6; LIHC (29) p25; Wolfrey (88) p13	3, 20-24
	feeling of helplessness	Webbs Family (21) p6; Henriksen (114) p17	20, 24
	VBNC permission needed to access exploration sites	LIHC (29) p25; NRCan (6) p5	3
	Inuit priority is the land	LIHC (29) p25	3, 20
	protection of fishing licences should mine employees return to fishery	LMA (98) p10	n/a
	Montagnais occupation of Labrador	Montagnais (36)	7, 20
	if mining area is out-of-bounds for hunting, wooding and trapping, local residents may not be able to afford time or money to go further afield to keep skills and train children	Makkovik citizen (91) p1	3, 4, 20
	Makivik Corporation land use and statement of claim	Makivik (100, 101)	7
	Naskapi Band of Quebec land use	Naskapi (105, 106/139)	7, 20
	ability to mesh two lifestyles	Collective Voices of Women (107) p10	20, 24
	current and past harvest levels	Harrington (110) p18	20
	discussion of how proponent will respect communities' aspirations for self-government and greater control over their lands and resources	Henriksen (33, 114) p21; 18	4, 20
	demonstrate understanding of Innu values, customs, traditions and ways they have been incorporated into Innu government standards principles, policies, regulations	Henriksen (33, 114) p21; 18	4, 20
	importance of animal masters and respect for animals	Henriksen (33, 114) p8; 6-7, 14-15	4
	history of Davis Inlet	Henriksen (33, 114) p11-14; 9-14	2, 20
	negative impacts on Innu historically	Henriksen (33, 114) p16-17; 11-15	20
	education and language of dominant culture	Henriksen (114) p16	20
	future use of lands and resources	Henriksen (114) p18	20
	guidelines for the mining industry	Innu Nation (142)	1, 5, 6
cumulative effects	effects of Voisey's Bay and Kiglapait operations	Innu Nation - Goose Bay May 28/96	3, 7
	data collection	Innu Nation - Goose Bay May 28/96	1, 2, 8-24
	effects of mining and other types of projects	Taiga Institute p. 7; Innu Nation Task Force p. 18; open house (Hopedale - July 96)	3, 7, 20
	effects of mining and hydro development	Nain scoping meeting (April 16/17 97)	3, 7, 20
	mine and smelter should be assessed together	St. John's scoping meeting (April 29/97)	n/a
	discovery of additional economic deposits in area	DOE (2) p18	3, 20
	health effects	Health Canada (3) p26	20, 24
	only known likely projects	NRCan (6) p4, 6	3, 20
	any new mines are of concern	Williams (20) p2; Schindler (115) p3	3
	confusion re Kamistastin Hydro Project; inclusion as cumulative effect	Williams (20) p2; LIA (25) p22	3
	shipping concentrate and construction and operation shipping	LIA (25) p20; DFO (1) p11	3
	mineral exploration in the area of Tasiujatsoak north to Hebron; and Strange Lake	LIA (25) p21, 22	n/a
	other factors affecting caribou	LIHC (29) p24	16, 20
	spills, near accidents	LIHC (29) p25	3, 10-19
	must consider history of Innu people and problems as baseline; historical context	Ashini (132) p12-14; Henriksen (114) p18	2, 20
cumulative effects	principal criterion should be expected extent of Project's effects, other projects should be secondary	DOE (55) p4	3, 7
demographics	Municipal and Provincial Affairs is compiling population and housing baseline information for Nain	PTLC (13) p14	21-24
dust	food chain and drinking water contamination	Webbs Family (21) p3-4; LIA (25) p13	8, 10-18, 20
	dust control	DOE (55) p6, Harrington (110) p16	4
economic benefits/ development	new business opportunities	Innu Nation Task Force p. 40 open house (Nain, Postville, Goose Bay - July/Aug 96)	21, 22
	effects of Voisey's Bay and other projects (hydro, logging, low-level flying)	Innu Nation Task Force p. 18	3, 7
	preference for local businesses	Williamson report for LIA, p.12, 18, 41, 50; open house (Postville, Nain, Goose Bay Nov /Dec 95)	4, 21, 22
	mixed economy - wage and subsistence	Williamson report for LIA p. 28	20, 21, 22
	purchase of lumber from Postville sawmill	open house Postville - Nov 21/95; Williamson report for LIA p. 57; Postville scoping meeting (May 12/97)	4
	contribution to provincial GDP	ACOA (4) p29	21, 22
	impacts on federal and provincial treasuries	ACOA (4) p29; NRCan (6) p5	21, 22
	net provincial gain considering equalization payments	ACOA (4) p29	21, 22
	number of indirect, induced jobs using input-output model; comparison with provincial and national jobs	ACOA (4) p29	21, 22
	estimates of annual expenditures	ACOA (4) p29	3, 21, 22
	wages, salaries	ACOA (4) p30	3, 21, 22
	estimates of Aboriginal workers, local and provincial workers; employment and procurement policies	ACOA (4) p30	3, 21, 22
	economic threshold unreasonable	NRCan (6) p6	n/a
education	requirements for jobs	Town Council of Nain (16) p5; Postville Youth (95) p1	3
	education of students may improve with job incentives; however, schools may require more resources if population increases	Junck (18 - Moravian Minister) p1	3
emergency response	contingency plans and spill response plans - consultation with Aboriginal groups, stakeholders and regulators; in place before start-up; uncharted areas and ice-covered waters	DFO (1) p13; DOE (2) p20	3, 4
	provisions of Emergency Preparedness Act	Emergency Preparedness Canada (7)	3, 4
	requirements	Town Council of Nain (16) p4	3, 4
	describe worst case scenarios for oil spill clean up and recovery; and compensation	LIA (25) p20	3, 4
employment and training	positive benefits for communities - self respect, less dependence on social assistance	Innu Nation Task Force p. 16, 39; Taiga Institute p. 9; Williamson report for LIA p. 28, 40, 56, 64	23, 24
	social problems - alcoholism, abuse, violence, suicide, accidental deaths	Innu Nation Task Force p. 12	23, 24
employment and training	employment of aboriginal and Labrador people - training requirements, equal opportunity for promotion	open houses (Postville, Makkovik, Rigolet, Goose Bay Nov/Dec 95; Utshimassits, Sheshatshiu, Hopedale Feb/96); Innu Nation Task Force p. 42, 87, 93; Williamson report for LIA, p. 10-11, 18, 49, 50, 56, 64, 72 open houses (Nain, Hopedale, Postville, Makkovik, Rigolet, Goose Bay - July/Aug 96) Voisey's Bay News Nov 96, p. 23; Feb 97 p. 13, April 97 p31; Nain scoping meeting (April 16/17 97); Postville scoping meting (May 12/97)	3, 4, 21, 22
	training courses for women	Williamson report for LIA p. 50	3
	preferential hiring of aboriginal people and pay equity	Williamson report for LIA p. 28, 41, 56, 73; open house (Makkovik - July 96)	3, 4
	employment of Newfoundland workers to cut brush at site	Williamson report for LIA p. 28, 41, 50, 56, 73	n/a
	employment of Archean employees after December 96	open house (Goose Bay - Aug 96)	n/a
	employment of women, sexist interview questions	Innu Nation Task Force p. 42, 47, 58, 87	3, 21, 22
	employment of unilingual adults with no English skills	Williamson report for LIA p. 28	3
	employment may deter further education	Innu Nation Task Force p. 43	24
	family problems related to separation	Innu Nation Task Force p. 45; Williamson report for LIA p. 42, 65; Postville scoping meeting (May 12/97)	24
	community tensions between employed/unemployed	Innu Nation Task Force p. 46, 59; Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97)	24
	alchohol and drugs in camp	Innu Nation Task Force p. 47, 87, 93; Williamson report for LIA p. 57	4
	mine closure; no permanent employment	Innu Nation Task Force; Taiga Institute p. 8	21-24
	cultural leaves for hunting; flexible work schedules	Innu Nation Task Force p. 87, 93	4
	potential shift of experienced workers from Ten Mile Bay quarry to Voisey's Bay jobs	Williamson report for LIA p. 29	22
	career planning for youth	Williamson report for LIA, p. 37	3
	Inuit use of snowmobiles at mine site	Williamson report for LIA p. 39	3
	frequency of worker transport from Labrador communities to mine site	Williamson report for LIA p. 39	3
	few opportunities for employees to communicate with families	Voisey's Bay News Feb 97 p. 13	3
	south coast jobs	Cartwright scoping meeting (May 7/97)	21-22
	job quotas by community	Cartwright scoping meeting (May 7/97)	21
	gender analysis, training programs, obstacles, affirmative action, transferable skills, support programs, business opportunities, comparative analysis with other mines	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p8; LIHC (29) p20, 26; LMA (98) p9; Postville Women's Group (93) p4; Town Council of Postville (95) p1; Collective Voices of Women (107) p3, (108) p3,7	3, 20-24
	advertizing, types of jobs, skills requirements, Aboriginal employment, training, recruitment procedures	Town Council of Nain (16) p5; Webbs Family (21) p5; LMA (98) p9; Naskapi (105) p17; Collective Voices of Women (108) p25; PTLC (117) p3; Postville Development Committee (133) p1	3
	impacts of employment on communities, stress on families	Town Council of Nain (16) p10	21-24
employment and training	size of workforce	Williams (20) p1	3
	competition with unionized workers	Webbs Family (21) p5	3
	Labradorians should get jobs and training instead of outsiders	LIHC (29) p26; Wolfrey (88) p1; Postville Youth (95) p2; Labrador North Chamber of Commerce (102) p3	3, 4
	gender equity; hiring women affords benefits of female thinking to VBNC, percentage of female VBNC officials, corporate and management level women involved in policy development, Aboriginal women	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14); LMA (98) p10; Collective Voices of Women (108) p20	3, 21
	employment of persons with disabilities, including intellectual disabilities; challenging needs individuals need to be included in recruitment	PTLC (13) p16; Collective Voices of Women (108) p8	3, 21
	on the job training most effective	Makkovik citizen (90)	3
	Aboriginal employees may need to get used to working for a "boss"	Makkovik citizen (91) p2	3, 21
	flexible work schedules necessary for hunting, trapping and gathering firewood, and cultural events	Ford (92) p2, Collective Voices of Women (108) p23	3, 21
	employment of students	Town Council of Postville (94) p2	3
	training for human resources staff in conflict resolution/mediation	Collective Voices of Women (108) p13	3
	grievance procedure for hiring decisions	Collective Voices of Women (108) p21,23	3
	translators for candidates that don't speak English	Collective Voices of Women (108) p25	3
	human resource plan	PTLC (117) p2	3
	effects of weather delay on shifts and time off	Collective Voices of Women (108) p8	3
	pre-employment training to adjust from seasonal work to fly-in/fly-out rotations	Collective Voices of Women (108) p8	3
	skill training in financial management, coping with adjustment of leaving family, finding ways to incorporate traditional ways of life into camp life	Collective Voices of Women (108) p8	3, 24
environmental assessment methods	consideration of no project alternative	NRCan (6) p6; Town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay (104) p6	3 ,7
	sensitivity to Aboriginal women, feminist theory	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p3	20-24
	baseline should precede project	LIA p8	1, 8-24
	impacts should be combined with mitigation	LIA p8	3, 4, 8-24
	include Environmental Documentation section	LIA (25) p22	4
	overview of operation in non-technical language	LIA (25) p22	Summary and Conclusion
	criteria for determining significance should be done in consultation with stakeholders		5, 7
	100 pages should be plenty (EIS); make accessible on web; CD-ROM	Schindler (115) p1; Cleghorn (131) p3	n/a
	peer review of EIS	Schindler (115) p1	n/a
	identify organisms to species and identify biogeochemical functions	Schindler (115) p1,2	1, 11, 18
	impact predictions should be scientifically justified	Schindler (115) p2	7, 8-24
	ecosystem approach	DOE (55) p21; Harrington (110) p2; Schindler (115) p4; Hammond & Innes (119) p2	2, 7
	landscape approach	Hammond & Innes (119) p3-5	2
	expert advisory group	Hammond & Innes (119) p5	1
	proponent's objectivity, i.e. VECs	Hammond & Innes (119) p6	5-7
	VEC suggestions - harlequin duck, peregrine falcon, caribou, eagle, species of concern, habitat, wetlands, protected areas	DOE (55) p7	6, 7
environmental assessment methods	any modelling should include uncertainty analysis and reliability criterion	MacKillop (128) p1	3, 8, 10-18, 20
	all EIS background info should be public	MacKillop (128) p3	1
environmental assessment process	participation of youth in public review process	open house Nain Dec 2/95	n/a
	compartmentalization of info, lack of respect for Innu, LIA	Innu, LIA (Goose Bay May 29/96)	2, 7
	should adopt broad ecosystem view; use gender-sensitive methods	Innu Nations Task Force p. 92; Sheshatshiu scoping meetings (May 15/97)	2, 20, 23, 24
	public input for VEC selection	St. John's scoping meeting (April 28/97)	5, 7
	project splitting - advanced infrastructure, smelter	LIA (25) p7, 19 (97) p5; Innu Nation - Goose Bay May 29/96; Nain scoping meeting (April 16/17 97)	3
	include how EIS fits into regulatory environment	LIA (25) p22	1, 7
	map scales - regional and local	Heathcote (116) p20	2
	Metis have not been recognized	LMA (98)	1, 2, 7
	Makivik Corporation has not been recognized	Makivik (100)	1, 2, 7
	Naskapi of Quebec have not been recognized	Naskapi (105) p10	1, 2, 7
	assessment steering committee	Harrington (100) p2, 7-8, 14-15, 18	4
	issuance of mining lease	LIA (97) p3	4
	production rate changes	LIA (97) p7	3
	EA process should incorporate IBA process	Gibson (84/140) p5-6	4
	registration of exploration support works	LIA (134)	3
environmental baseline studies	should be extensive enough to detect micro-ecosystems	open house Nain Dec 2/95	1, 2
	study area too small, rationale for boundaries	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96); Nain scoping meeting (April 16/17 97)	2, 8-24
	littoral zone needs more description	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	12
	toxicity of mine in marine environment needs to be studied	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	12
	context of project and other mines needs to be studied	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	3, 5
	additional reference sites needed	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	1
	ice workshop necessary	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	4, 5
	difficult to avoid drainage into Reid Brook	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	10
	one compliance point for open pit drainage is preferable - but two likely	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	4
	need to isolate tailings impoundment from water system	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	3, 10
	siting and appropriate weather instruments should match data needs	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	8
	meteorology data should be reviewed in context of its shortcomings	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	8
	water quality sampling should ensure adequate spatial and temporal coverage	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	10
	winter water quality program may be required	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	10
	documentation of sampling methods will validate data collection; Wildlife officials are available to discuss	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	1, 13, 15-18
	effects monitoring of sediments is important	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	4
	bathymetry data is necessary for tailings sites	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	3, 4
	QA/QC for primary productivity is important	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	11
	fish - need to identify target species, avoidance reaction to metals is important, quantitative habitat surveys, population estimates of Arctic char possible using various methods, local Arctic char have a less defined homing instinct, standing water fish assessments required	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	11
environmental baseline studies	health status of communities	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	23, 24
	population characteristics	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	23, 24
	cumulative impacts	baseline workshop (St. John's - May 96)	3, 7
	extent of ice studies to open water	shipping workshop (Nain - Nov 96)	1, 9
	inadequate time for data collection (bathymetric); EIA is proceeding too quickly; moratorium on exploration necessary	Innu Nation - Goose Bay May 28/96 Innu Nation Task Force p. 89, 90	n/a
	studies conducted too quickly - need a longer period of time	Webb Family (21) p6	1
	footprint is too narrow; LIA conducting their own studies; preliminary study results	LIA (25) p10-11	1, 2, 20
	footprint area should include cabins	LIA (25) p13	2
	maps have been prepared showing relevant spatial boundaries, cabins, small boat and skidoo routes	LIA (25) p13	20
	temporal boundaries should reflect Aboriginal knowledge (not Project); temporal boundaries - must consider dynamics of Innu society - historical perspective including aspirations for self-government	LIA (25) p13; Henriksen (33) p15	20
	footprint appears to be 10-15 km²	Heathcote (116) p14	2, 3
	spatial boundaries should include marine and estuarine ecosystems	Heathcote (116) p20, 24	2, 12, 13
	regional groundwater flows and quality	Heathcote (116) p23	10
	include Goose Bay and Labrador West	PTLC (13) p15	21-24
	include Montagnais population	Montagnais (37) p27-34	1, 21-24
	plant and animal taxonomy	Innu Nation (46) p4-5; Clement (111)	11-18
	Canada geese, ducks, ptarmigan, marten, otter, fox and wolf should address these animals harvested by Naskapi	Naskapi (105) p16	20
	gender and age data, labour analysis must be by gender and challenging needs individuals	Collective Voices of Women (108) p13, 21; PTLC (117) p4	23, 24
environmental concerns	effects of mining - pollution, radiation, dams, culverts, deforestation, food chain contamination, waste disposal	open house (Hopedale, Sheshatshiu Feb/96); Innu Nation Task Force p. 1, 14, 16, 32-38, 71 Williamson report for LIA, p. 9, 24, 37, 55, 62, 69 open house (Nain, Hopedale, Postville, Makkovik, Rigolet, Goose Bay - July/Aug 96); Voisey's Bay News Jan 97 p. 13, May 97 p.21; Postville and Sheshatshiu scoping meetings (May 12, 15/97)	3, 4, 8-18
	disruption of whole ecosystem of Mother Nature has consequences - conserve as much land as possible	Innu Nation Task Force p. 36; open house Nain July 96; Williamson report for LIA p. 37	3
	immediate closure and clean-up of accidents; establishment of performance bond	Innu Nation Task Force p. 92	3, 4
	effects of mining on country food, or access to food	Williamson report for LIA, p. 8, 24, 62, 63; open house, (Rigolet - Aug 96)	4, 14, 20
	fragility of northern environment	open house Nain Dec 2/95	2, 4
	wood removed during clearing should not be wasted	open house Sheshatshiu Feb 96	4
	women's perspectives, changes in spiritual connections with land	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p7; Postville Women's Group (93) p3	4, 20, 24
	migration of caribou, birds, other animals; food supply for animals and humans; impacts on fishing, seal hunting, and fish and seal health, tailings	Junck (18 - Moravian Minister) p1; LIHC (29) p24; LMA (98) p9, 12; Fishermen's Committee and Fisherpersons (96) p1	3, 8-20
	air, water and land contamination	Williams (20) p1; Wolfrey (88) p3; Ford (89) p3; Postville Youth (95) p1; Sheshatshiu resident (121) p2; Postville Development Committee (133) p1	8, 9, 14
environmental concerns	holistic view of food chain	LIA (25) p13	2, 8-18, 20
	employee-contractor environmental awareness plan	LIA (25) p23	4
	socioeconomic impacts	DOE (2) p17	20-24
	fuel and oil drum management to avoid leakage into water	Fishermen's Committee and Fisherpersons (96) p2; Collective Voices of Women (108) p5	3, 4
	effects on watersheds, biological hotspots	Naskapi (105) p13; Collective Voices of Women (108) p5	10, 11, 12
	increased numbers of people and higher disposable incomes may increase demand on land	Naskapi (105) p13	21, 22
	areal extent of impacts, strategy for limiting spatial extent	Collective Voices of Women (107) p3 (108) p6; Harrington (110) p12	3, 4, 8-24
	effects on Anaktalak River cabins	Collective Voices of Women (108) p25	20
	concern about affects on beauty of the land, aesthetics	Henriksen (33) p7	3, 20
	animals may become trapped in open pits and/or poisoned by material at the surface of these large holes	Henriksen (33, 114) p7; 5	4
environmental protection plans	use of appropriate technologies, monitoring, reclamation trust fund	Innu Nation Task Force p. 92	4
	environmental protection plan based on environmental assessment should precede further development	Williamson report for LIA, p. 9, 17, 18, 54, 62	4
	environmental protection plan should focus on surroundings, shipping lanes, air traffic routes and staging areas (Nain and Hopedale) - also protection of berries	Williamson report for LIA p. 38, 54	4
	strict guidelines, enforcement, fines	Williamson report for LIA, p. 17	4
	pollution control and response plans, oil spills	open houses (Makkovik, Goose Bay Nov/Dec 95	4
	emergency probability and planning	open house Rigolet Nov 24/95	4
	consultation with Aboriginal groups, stakeholders, regulators; in place before start-up, uncharted areas and ice covered waters	DFO (1) p13	4
	pollution prevention strategy, emphasis on prevention	DOE (2) p19; Heathcote (116) p18, 19, 23, 24; Hammond & Innes (119) p7	3, 4
	training, importance during construction	DOE (2) p20; Harrington (110) p12	3, 4
environmental site monitor	need more monitors with authority to check mining/exploration camps	LIHC (29) p46, 47; Collective Voices of Women (107, 108) p3,4	4
exploration	exploration has already caused oil spills, removal of trees, and littering	Voisey's Bay News Feb 97 p. 13	4
	contamination due to abandoned fuel drums; aircraft harassment of wildlife; hunting and fishing by mine personnel	Williamson report for LIA, p. 9 Voisey's Bay News June 96 p. 48	4
	oil spill at drilling sites	open house Nain Dec 2/95	4
	sewage treatment	open houses (Rigolet Dec/95; Hopedale Feb/96)	3, 4
	impacts and cleanup of drilling on lichens (new regulations), dust, water, land	open house Goose Bay Dec 4/95	4
	drilling in Discovery Hill Pond	open house Hopedale Feb 7/96	3
	NDT drilling on Nain hill	Williamson report for LIA p. 34	3
fish	mine development effects	open houses (Makkovik Nov 22/95; Hopedale Feb 7/96); Williamson report for LIA p. 38	10, 11
	monitoring of heavy metals in fish habitat	open house Hopedale Feb7/96	10, 11
explosives	use and management, release of nitrates, storage and preparation	NRCan (6) p6; DOE (55) p4,5	3, 4
family life	women's activities, impacts of long-distance commuting, indicators of family dysfunction, liaisons with mine employees	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p5-6; LMA (98) p11; Postville Women's Group (93) p2; Collective Voices of Women (107) p4	24
	need to monitor changing role of family	LIHC (26) p2; Health Canada (3) p22	4, 24
	family separation could change family dynamics and decision making, more family violence; families may move closer to pick-up locations to avoid family disruption; VBNC should promote awareness of family violence	LMA (98) p11, Collective Voices of Women (108) p8,23,24,26; Postville Development Committee (133) p1	24
	permanent townsite could avoid family upheaval	LMA (98) p12	3, 23, 24
	women may have additional responsibilities and stress while spouse away	Collective Voices of Women (108) p15	24
	spouse may prefer white meals over traditional foods - this may affect health and cause resentment	Collective Voices of Women (108) p15	24
	family communication support plan needed (telephone bills can be expensive during times of crisis) and private phone room	Collective Voices of Women (108) p21,22,23	4, 24
fish	negotiations with DFO for commercial weir fishery for arctic char in Voisey's Bay region	LIA (25) p12	4
	productive capacity	DFO (1) piii, 2	11
	physical disturbance and disruption of fisheries and habitat	DFO (1) piii, 2; Naskapi (105) p13	11, 12
	contaminant/pollutant effects on fisheries, supporting biota and habitat	DFO (1) piii, 2; Naskapi (105) p15	11, 12
fish	effluents may be lethal to trout and/or freshwater invertebrates, and may change appearance of water and sediments and taste of fish flesh	Heathcote (116) p3	10, 11, 12
	MISA mine effluent results - toxicity	Heathcote (116) p7	11
	dust effects	Heathcote (116) p15	8, 10, 11
	increased pressure due to increased human presence, mitigation, increased competition for Aboriginal fishing	Naskapi (105) p15, 16	4
	loss of some of best char fishing grounds due to exploration shipping routes	Collective Voices of Women (108) p3	20, 22
freshwater/ estuarine environments	definition	DFO (1) p6	10, 11
	impacts	DFO (1) p6	10, 11
	dust effects	Heathcote (116) p15	10, 11
	freshwater risk assessment should include top-level predator and harlequin duck		10-18
fuel/oil	regulations on storage and dropping of fuel caches for helicopters	Williamson report for LIA, p. 17, 70	4
	fuel drums have been left at exploration sites (but not Archean's)	Voisey's Bay News Oct. 96 p. 13; Williamson report for LIA p. 25	4
	fuel spills and effects on animals	Voisey's Bay News June 96 p. 47, Jan 97 p. 13; open house Postville July 96; shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4, 11-18
	quantity for construction and operation should be described	LIA (25) p20	3
geology	seismic activity magnitude and recurrence	Chambers (112) p6	2
	borehole network , fault zones and fractures	MacKillop (128) p3	2, 3
ground traffic	minimize by plowing oversized path and turnouts in winter (for wildlife) and consider snowmobile trails	Harrington (110) p16	3, 4
groundwater	drilling information	Innu Nation -Goose Bay May 29/96	10
habitat loss	mine construction	Webb Family (21) p4	14
harlequin duck	alternatives for tailings disposal	PTLC (13) p12	3, 18
harvesting and land use	should be addressed as a key issue	LIA - Goose Bay May 28/96	2, 20
	LIA have subsistence information	LIA - Goose Bay May 29/96	2, 20
	avoidance of Voisey's Bay area already	Innu Nation Task Force p. 50	2, 3, 4, 20
	importance of linkages with land	Taiga Institute p. 9; Innu Nation Task Force p. 17	2
	access to fish and wildlife by exploration and mining personnel ; should be subject to provincial fishing and hunting regulations and monitored by LIA	open house (Nain Dec 2/95, Sheshatshiu Feb 8/96); Williamson report for LIA, p. 17, 25, 39, 47	4
	animals and land will be polluted by VBNC development - the Innu and Inuit will no longer be able to hunt and trap	Voisey's Bay News Sept 96 p. 15; Nov 96, p. 23; Feb 97 p. 13; Innu Nation Task Force p. 14	4, 10-18, 20
	elders should be consulted	Voisey's Bay News July 96 p. 14	4
	traditional use of land - Emish is a major traditional hunting and fishing area and access route for the Innu and Inuit	open houses (Makkovik, Nain Nov/Dec 95); Innu Nation Task Force p. 1, 25; Williamson report for LIA p. 47, 62, 63; open house (Nain, Hopedale, Rigolet July/Aug 96)	2, 20
	migratory birds hunted in Voisey's Bay	Williamson report for LIA p. 47	15, 20
	traditional use not expected to impede mine development	open house (Goose Bay - Aug 96)	4, 20
	there has been logging and saw mills in Anaktalak Bay area	open house Nain Dec 2/95	20
	Red Dog subsistence committee	open house Nain Dec 2/95	4, 5
	use of cabins at Anaktalak Bay for hunting and vacations	open house Nain Dec 2/95	20
	freedom of movement on land and sea	Williamson report for LIA p. 72	20
	Inuit set up camps along coast from Voisey's Bay to Killinek, on the northern tip of Labrador to harvest caribou, seals, migratory birds, salmon, charr and berries during the summer. Snowmobiles are used to hunt mostly partridge, willow and rock ptarmigan, caribou, porcupine, foxes, wolves and seals.	Voisey's Bay News Dec 96 p. 29	20
	Cartwright residents hunt caribou around Voisey's Bay	Cartwright scoping meeting (May 7/97)	4, 16
	employee hunting and fishing could deplete wildlife populations	Webbs Family (21) p5; LMA (98) p15	4
	violation of hunting and fishing regulations and inadequate enforcement	Webbs Family (21) p6; LIA (25) p13	3,4
health and safety	working conditions in mine, pollution impacts	Innu Nation Task Force p. 44, 57, 87; Williamson report for LIA p. 31, 50, 58; Postville scoping meeting (May 12/97)	3
	reliance on store-bought food rather than country food, preference for country food	Innu Nation Task Force p. 57; Williamson report for LIA p. 63	20
	sexually transmitted diseases, AIDs	Innu Nation Task Force p. 58	24
	accident and life insurance	Innu Nation Task Force p. 87	3
	capacity of Nain nursing clinic	Williamson report for LIA, p. 11, 31, 50	23
	Nain needs contingency/disaster plan	Williamson report for LIA, p. 18, 31, 50	23
	mine employees need workshops on boating safety, ice conditions and prevention of hypothermia	Williamson report for LIA, p. 18, 57	3
	impacts	Health Canada (3) p22	24
	introduction of new diseases and social problems	Health Canada (3) p23; LMA (98) p15	24
	maintenance of cultural and spiritual practices	Health Canada (3) p23	20
	air emissions	Health Canada (3) p24	3, 8
	accidents	Health Canada (3) p24	3, 4, 24
	food chain contamination, background contaminants, subsistence foods, monitoring	Health Canada (3) p25	13-18
health and safety	harvesting loss and cultural and spiritual importance of harvest	Health Canada (3) p25	20
	vehicle and aircraft safety in Nain	Health Canada (3) p25	23
	policies and commitments	Health Canada (3) p27; PTLC (117) p3	3
	gender analysis, physical and mental health, impacts of violence, service gaps, depression, cultural clashes, safety, LDC, health insurance, baseline health	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p8-9; Williams (20) p1; Postville Women's Group (93) p4	20, 23, 24
health and safety	appreciation of country food, food contamination due to dust, gas and ore particles, loss of country food if providers employed at mine, health problems may come from workers from other communities, requirements of local health providers, effects of long shifts, country food for mine employees, recreational facilities at site, worker safety training	Town Council of Nain (16) p5,6,7; Webb Family (21) p5; LIHC (29) p25; Collective Voices of Women (108) p7, 25	20
	effects on population size	Town Council of Nain (16) p8	23, 24
	proponent should contact LIHC for indicators	LIA (25) p22	3
	LIHC has completed comprehensive health study	LIHC (26) p1	23, 24
	employee health - employee assistance program (including families), orientation programs, occupational health and safety, traditional foods	Health Canada (3) p25; LIHC (26) p1-2, 26; LMA (98) p15; Wolfrey (88) p10, Collective Voices of Women (108) p23,26	3
	monitoring and demands on local health services, resistance of doctors to serve in isolated areas	LIHC (26) p2; Health Canada (3) p27; Makkovik citizen (91) p1	23
	effects on water quality	LIHC (26) p2	10, 11
	LIA historical overview and issues	LIHC (29) p23, 28	20
	exposure levels of workers to nickel, cobalt and copper; silica dust	PTLC (13) p9	3, 4
	dust control measures	PTLC (13) p9	3, 4
	diesel fume control measures	PTLC (13) p9	3, 4
	noise-related effects on workers	PTLC (13) p9	3, 4
	workstation considerations for women, physically challenged or other groups with special needs	PTLC (13) p9	3, 4
	Project will improve community health	Dept. of Health (53) p3	24
	cultural differences re safety	Collective Voices of Women (107) p4	3, 20
	need a doctor onsite due to poor weather	Collective Voices of Women (108) p9	3
	non-smoking environment should be available	Collective Voices of Women (108)	3
	medical benefits plan details	Collective Voices of Women (108) p21	3
	counsellors with aboriginal language as first language	Collective Voices of Women (108) p25	3
	link between Health Dept. and LIHC	Dept. of Health (126)	23
historic resources/ burial sites	cultural deposits	Canadian Heritage (9)	19
	disturbance, mitigation and contingency plans	PTLC (13) p12, (117) p3,5; Collective Voices of Women (107) p10, 29;	4, 19
	protection	Govt of NF and Labrador (136-138)	4, 19
	grave site on southside pit	Utshimassits Feb 6/96	19
	disturbance	Sheshatshiu Feb 17/95 Innu Nation Task Force p. 25, 71	4, 19
	importance to local culture - particularly since history has not been documented	open house (Nain Dec 2/95, Sheshatshiu Feb 8/95); Innu Nation Task Force p. 1; archaeological workshop (Goose Bay Feb 21/96)	4, 19
	endorsement of current regulations	LIA - Goose Bay, May 29/96	4, 19
	archaeological surveys prior to ground disturbance	"Innu Nation Guidelines for the Mining Industry" p.14	19
historic resources/ burial sites	rapid pace of '95 surveys precluded comprehensive assessment - '96 survey to include regional, "footprint" and exploration areas	archaeological workshop (Goose Bay Feb 21/96)	19
	camps should not be on top of	Sheshatshiu resident (121) p2-3	19
housing	housing availability on/off site, involvement in planning	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p6; Junck (18 - Moravian Minister) p1	23
	reduced availability of accommodations in Nain due to VBNC use of buildings	Wolfrey (88) p12	23
	VBNC could assist with alleviation of housing shortages by funding Torngat Regional Housing Association	Postville Women's Group (93) p2	4, 23
IBA negotiations	nature, content	open house Utshimassits Feb 6/96; Voisey's Bay News April 97 p31	1, 4
	IBA should include reclamation agreement	Williamson report for LIA p. 54	1, 4
	IBA should include training, preferential hiring and local business	Williamson report for LIA p. 56, 72, 74	1, 4
	minimize environmental effects, maintain culture and archaeology	Innu Nation Task Force p. 82- 84	1 ,4
	should provide some guarantees but may not eliminate impacts	LIHC (29) p15	1, 4
	IBAs should be established before mine development	Ashini (132) p9-11	1, 4
	women's issues not addressed by LIA IBA; IBA should address women's issues	TIA (41) p2; Collective Voices of Women (108) p26,29	1, 4
	EA process should incorporate IBA process	Gibson (84/140) p5-6	1, 4
information presentation	pictures help lay people understand the project and environmental data collection	Goose Bay May 29/96	Summary and Conclusion
	videos and translation of key sections of EIS are appropriate	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97)	Summary and Conclusion
Innu baseline/ impacts research	should continue with VBNC funding	Innu Nation Task Force p. 93	4
	need special attention to Innu norms and practices concerning livelihood and community	Taiga Institute p. 8	20
Innu of Schefferville	land rights due to traditional land use and travel all over Labrador and Quebec - compensation	Goose Bay scoping meeting (April 23 97)	1
	should be included in IBA process	Goose Bay scoping meeting (April 23 97)	1
	negative effects of Schefferville mining - unemployment, loss of community infrastructure, increased alchohol abuse, school drop-outs, housing shortages, environmental problems (open pit was not reclaimed)	Goose Bay scoping meeting (April 23 97)	4
land rights/claims	land claim settlement should precede project development	open houses (Goose Bay Dec 95; Utshimassits, Sheshatshiu Feb 96); Innu Nation Task Force p. 24, 90 Williamson report for LIA p. 7, 16, 20, 35, 36, 44, 52, 60, 68; Voisey's Bay News June 96 p. 16; open houses (Hopedale, Makkovik - July 96); Sheshatshiu scoping meeting May 15/97	1
	importance of land rights, ownership and control	Innu Nation Task Force p. 16, 70; Williamson report for LIA p. 20, 44; shipping workshop (Nain Nov 96); Voisey's Bay News March 97 p. 29	1
	free movement on land, water, ice	Williamson report for LIA, p. 21, 36	1, 20
	Innu have land rights	Voisey's Bay News June 96 p. 16; Innu Nation Task Force p. 24-31	1
	Metis want recognition of Aboriginal status	Cartwright & Goose Bay scoping meetings (May 7,13/97)	1
	Naskapi have Aboriginal rights	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97)	1
land development	Crown land may become hunting, fishing or ecotourism operations	Harrington (110) p18	22
	Nain may need to accommodate residential and commercial requirements	PTLC (117) p5	23
leachate	negative impact on vegetation for animals	open house Utshimassits Feb 6/96	3, 4, 9-18
	exploration and mining	open house Makkovik Nov 22/95	3
low-level flying	destruction of land	Voisey's Bay News Sept 96 p. 16	3, 7
	effects on Innu	Innu Nation Task Force p. 18	3 ,7
marine environment	definition	DFO (1) p4	11, 13
	impacts	DFO (1) p5	11, 13
	marine risk assessment should include top-level predators of mollusk- and fish-based food chains	DOE (55) p7	7, 11, 13
	marine ecosystems should be included as spatial boundaries (section 6.1b)	PTLC (117) p2	2, 7, 11, 13
mine closure	government and industry funds should go into diversification fund	LIHC (29) p27	3, 4
	need policies, consider emotional stress	Town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay (104) p5; Collective Voices of Women (108) p29	3, 4
	decommissioning must occur regardless of VBNC financial state	Harrington (110) p3, 15	3, 4
mitigation and monitoring	program commitment, scheduling, consultation with Aboriginal groups and stakeholders	DFO (1) p12; Hammond & Innes (119) p8	3, 4
	communications	DFO (1) p12, Heathcote (116) p25	4
	should be addressed in environmental management plan	DOE (2) p18	4
	regulations	DOE (2) p18	4
	environmental effects monitoring	DOE (2) p20	4
	food monitoring	Health Canada (3) p25	4
	known future developments	NRCan (6) p8	3
	community-based approach, women's involvement, IBA, impacts of decommissioning on women, rehabilitation, comparative analysis of other projects, responsibility for negative impacts, support for community programs; gender analysis	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p10; Postville Women's Group (93) p1, 5; Postville Youth (95) p1; Collective Voices of Women (107) p2	4
	responsibility for monitoring; integration of traditional knowledge	Williams (20) p1; LIA (25) p15	4
	proponent should contact LIHC for indicators	LIA (25) p22	4
	objectives for each environmental component	LIA (25) p23	4
	experience of other mines	LIA (25) p23; LIHC (26) p2	3, 4
	health and family life, socioeconomic, safety	DFO (1) p12; Health Canada (3) p25, 27; LIHC (26) p2; PTLC (117) p6	4
	quality assurance/quality control, laboratory information	Heathcote (116) p24; DOE (55) p8	4
	peer review of results	Schindler (115) p3	4
	regulations must be accompanied by funding to ensure they are adhered to	Makkovik citizen (91) p2	4
	establish monitoring institute now	Harrington (110) p19	4
	water quantity and quality	PTLC (117) p6	4
	mitigation, compensation must provide for long-term planning for individual, household and community level	Henriksen (33) p15	3, 4
	success of efforts to mitigate negative social and psychological impacts hinges on breaking all the degrading aspects which have so far been built into ways in which non-aboriginal people and their institutions approach Innu	Henriksen (33) p20	3, 4
	identify measures that respond to Innu regulatory requirements	Henriksen (114) p18	3, 4
mitigation and monitoring	mitigation should be directed at families not just employees	Collective Voices of Women (108) p26	3, 4
monitoring	details, lack of confidence that post-project monitoring will occur	open house Utshimassits Feb 6/96	4
	effectiveness of environmental monitoring	Williamson report for LIA p. 62	4
	Innu Nation needs its own monitors	Voisey's Bay News June 96, p. 48; Innu Nation Task Force p. 78	4
	effects monitoring	open house Goose Bay Aug 96	4
noise	uncertain effects of marine traffic	LIA - Goose Bay, May 29/96	3
	noise from drilling, helicopters and planes disturbs animals at site	Voisey's Bay News Jan 97 p. 13	3, 13, 15-18
	drilling and helicopters may disturb wildlife	Voisey's Bay News, June 96 p. 48	13, 15-18
	will disturb or drive away animals	Webbs Family (21) p4	13, 15-18
	consider effects of geology, topography and vegetation	Harrington (110) p17	14
	transmission of noise in water (snow-cover, snow-free, ice-cover, ice-free)	Harrington (110) p17	13
other mines	VBNC should arrange visits to other mines for community representatives	Williamson report for LIA, p.16	4, 5
	should visit and benefit from experience of other mines; meet with aboriginal people	LIHC (29) p25, 27	4, 5
partnership in decision making	needs to be defined	Innu Nation Task Force p. 94	1, 4
	should consult Innu first before undertaking work	Voisey's Bay News Oct. 96 p. 18; June 96 p. 16	1, 4
	Innu and LIA must be involved in development	open house (Goose Bay - Aug 96); Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97)	1, 4
	elders should be consulted	Voisey's Bay News Nov 96, p. 23	1, 4
permafrost	erosion during exploration and mining	open house Goose Bay Dec 4/95	3
	profile for area, in particular for site structures and facilities, and implications for environment	DFO (1) p7	3, 4
	effects on infrastructure construction	DOE (55) p4	3
power generation	alternative sources	LIA; Innu - Goose Bay May 28/96	3
	power should be generated on site	open house (Goose Bay - Aug 96)	3
port	rationale for location	open house Nain Dec 2/95	3
precautionary principle	should apply to socioeconomic impacts	Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97)	1,7, 20-24
	apply to shipping timing, routes, volumes - give equal weight to Inuit knowledge about ice and impacts	LIA (25) p16	1, 3, 7, 9, 13, 16, 18
	sustainability assurance	Innu Nation (120) p4	8-24
	users value analysis	Innu Nation (120) p4	20
	provision of financial securities	Innu Nation (120) p5	3
	expert advisory group	Hammond & Innes (119) p7	1
	fundamental concept of sustainable development	DOE (55) p2	1, 7
	focus on threats to significant adverse effects on VECs	PTLC (117) p1	8-24
project alternatives	pros and cons	Harrington (110) p12	3
	permanent townsite vs fly-in/out	LIA (97) p9-10	3
project description	mine life, underground operation	Williams (20) p1	3
	schedule of activities important	LIA (25) p20	3
	impacts should be assessed for 25 years	LIA (25) p21	3, 8-24
	best practice worldwide	LIA (25) p22	3
	pipelines, explosives	LIA (25) p22	3
	minimize adverse effects	Heathcote (116) p22	3
	MOU project description	Ashini & Innes (S) p2	3
	possibility of new chemical compounds created in milling process	DOE (55) p4	3, 4
project description	management of ethylene glycol	DOE (55) p5	3, 4
	incorporation of local and traditional Aboriginal practices and activities at mine site (recreation, craft workshop)	Postville Women's Group (93) p1	1, 4
	need for year-round operation - possibility of closure when no shipping during winter	Town Council of Postville (94) p1	3
	use of recreational vehicles	Naskapi (105) p21	3, 4
	design mine facilities to accommodate women	Collective Voices of Women (107) p3, (108) p12	3
	mining method alternatives	Chambers (112) p4	3
proponent	relevant experience with Aboriginal people in other places	NRCan (6) p5	1
racism	working conditions, communities	Innu Nation Task Force p. 44, 48, 59, 93; Williamson report for LIA p. 27, 74	3
	cultural orientation programs, policies needed	Town Council of Nain (16) p4; Health Canada (3) p27; Ford (89) p4; Collective Voices of Women (108) p11, 23; PTLC (117) p3; Sheshatshiu resident (121) p2	3, 4
	Aboriginal people want equal treatment in workforce	Webbs Family (21) p5	3, 4
reclamation	establishment of trust fund	Innu Nation Task Force p. 83, 92; Williamson report for LIA p. 32, 47, 50, 51	3
	plans needed	open house Nain Dec 2/95; Williamson report for LIA, p. 9, 17, 26	3
	productive use	Town Council of Nain (16) p8	3, 4
	experience at other mines	LIA (25) p22	3
	radius of impact around mine and reclamation efforts	LIHC (29) p25	3, 4
	northern ecosystems require long time to recover from disturbance	Wolfrey (88) p4	3, 4
	details of plan, goals, criteria, financial bond	Harrington (110) p14; Chambers (112) p4	3
recycling	project alternative	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97)	3
seals	effects in Anaktalak Bay	open house Nain Dec 2/95	13
sexism	most employees are men even though women are qualified	Voisey's Bay News Jan 97 p. 21	3, 4
sexual/gender harassment	women at mine may experience; harassment policies; acceptable humour	Wolfrey (88) p10; Ford (89) p2; Postville Women's Group (93) p3; Collective Voices of Women (107) p4, (108) p7, 11; PTLC (117) p3,4	3, 4
	provide temporary leave of absence to recover from harassment or other stressors	Collective Voices of Women (108) p12	3, 24
sexually transmitted diseases	may increase with inmigration of workers	LIHC (29) p16; Wolfrey (88) p9; Postville Women's Group (93) p3; LMA (98) p15; Postville Development Committee (133) p1	3, 23, 24
shipping	ice break-up due to year-round shipping will disrupt travel routes and freedom to travel	Goose Bay May 29/96; open house (Hopedale, Postville, Rigolet - July/Aug 96); LIA - shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96); Cartwright & Postville scoping meetings (May 7, 12/97)	3, 4, 9, 20
	dredging to establish shipping route in shallow areas could harm scallop beds in commercial scallop grounds	Goose Bay May 29/96	3
	an extended shipping season into the late fall would affect ice formation, and into the early spring would affect travel and hunting during warmer weather and favourable ice conditions	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	3, 4, 20
	seals (and fall migration), caribou, birds - puffins, eider, harlequin duck (spring nesting) and wildlife may be affected	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96); Cartwright scoping meeting (May 7/97)	3, 4, 9, 13-18
shipping	local tradition and culture may be affected by the disruption of caribou migration, harvesting, recreation and social activities due to shipping through ice - ice is a link to family and friends	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	16, 20
	ice break-up and turnover of pans of ice could be dangerous for coastal snowmobile travel	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4, 9, 20
	alternative routes and transport methods should be considered	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	3
	consideration of oxidation for concentrate storage, concentrate storage time limits	shipping workshops (Nain-Nov 96, Jan 97)	3
	fuel spills	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96) p. 17	3, 9, 13-18
	difficulty in getting vessel through ice due to rough conditions - ice moves out earlier to the south of Nain	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	3, 4
	snowmobiles could collide with ship in poor weather	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4, 20
	ice is a gift from Mother Nature and comes and goes - Inuit should be able to ship on their own schedule and pursue their traditional lifestyle - shipping should not occur in winter	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4, 20
	snowmobile travel reduces dependency on planes in winter	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4, 20
	200 mile shipping track and related cracks through Lake Melville in early 1980s caused problems for aboriginal hunting and recreation - hunters travelled 60-70 miles to find access across the track, restricted movements for 2 months, lost trapping time, more dead seals found during 2 years of shipping than experienced by Rigolet speaker, area where puffin have their young may have been affected, loss of snowmobile in one crack	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4, 9, 13, 15, 20
	interruptions to travel caused by ice track would reduce coastal trips and would reduce overall knowledge of area		4, 20
	59 skidoos lost in one year due to initial shipping near Arctic Bay (ice movement due to track and wind)	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96) p. 14	4, 20
	shipping route at Arctic Bay influenced by Inuit	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4
	ice track at Arctic Bay can be advantageous in warmer months as ridging from tracks allows travel further as long as they are careful of ice movement	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	4, 9, 20
	alternatives should be investigated	shipping workshop (Nain-Nov 96)	3
	should consider hovercraft alternative	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97) shipping workshop (Nain Jan 97) p9	n/a
	concentrate storage location, could move shipment location further south away from Nain	shipping workshop (Nain Jan 97) p8, 10	3
	route, season, impacts on local travel and harvesting, caribou movements	Town Council of Nain (16) p9; Williams (20) p1; Webbs Family (21) p2; LIA (25) p13; LMA (98) p13; Wolfrey (88) p4; Postville Fishermen's Committee and Fisherpersons (96) p1; Harrington (110) p16; Postville Development Committee (133) p1	16
	monitoring of local traffic, rescues, icebreaking, docks	Williams (20) p1; LMA (98) p14	4
	hazardous snowmobile travel - icebreaker will open up water passages and will fracture landlocked ice on either side; disturbance of breathing holes and seal whelping areas;	Webbs Family (21) p1-2; LIA (25) p12, 14; Town Council of Postville (94) p1	4, 20
shipping	shipment of oil through ice; oil spills due to structural damage in pack ice; difficulty of clean up due to poor weather or shore-fast ice	Transport Canada (5) p32, 34; Webbs Family (21) p2; LIA (25) p12; LMA (98) p12; Makkovik citizen (91) p1	3, 4, 9
	oil pollution from flushing out of ship bilge, discharge control	Webbs Family (21) p2; Makkovik citizen (91) p1; PTLC (117) p3	3, 4
	disturbance of seals, fish, polar bears, other mammals and habitat	Webbs Family (21) p2; LMA (98) p13	4, 9, 13, 16, 18
	impact at the sina and effects on animal migrations, noise on marine mammals	LIA (25) p12	9, 13, 16, 18
	apply precautionary principle to shipping route, timing, volumes; give equal weight to Inuit knowledge about ice and impacts	LIA (25) p16	3, 4, 9
	appears to be determined by economics of smelter rather than environmental factors	LIA (25) p19	3
	marine transit management system needs to be discussed	LIA (25) p20	3, 4
	navigation, marine safety and shipping, alternate routes	DFO (1) piii, 2, 9; Transport Canada (5) p32; LMA (98) p13	3, 4
	decision criteria for seasonal shipping cessation/commencement	DFO (1) p9	3, 4, 9, 20
	navigation aids	DFO (1) p10	4
	marine communications with local vessels	DFO (1) p10	4
	accidents and mathematical probability	DFO (1) p10	3
	risk assessment for spills (models)	DFO (1) p10	3
	identify training programs for crew	DFO (1) p10	4
	vessel specifications, casualty data	Transport Canada (5) p32-34	3, 4
	cargo loading and handling, dangerous goods	Transport Canada (5) p32, 34, 35	3, 4
	shipping channel may create more open water due to wind and this could affect weather conditions such as fog	Makkovik citizen (91) p1	8, 9
	concentrate spills	Chambers (112) p5	3
social problems	increased alcoholism, drug addiction, gambling, child neglect and abandonment, suicide, violence, marriage breakdown, robberies, murder, accidents, prostitution, AIDs, income disparity	open house (Hopedale, Goose Bay July/Aug 96); Innu Nation Task Force p. 2, 14, 56, 58, 71; Williamson report for LIA, p. 11-12, 29, 30, 50, 58, 65, 73; Voisey's Bay News Nov 96, p. 27; March 97 p. 29, April 97 p31; Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97)	23, 24
	women and children may experience consequence of social problems - rape, pregnancy, violence, sexual diseases, men spend paycheques, sexual harassment, drugs, drinking	Innu Nation Task Force p. 30, 58 Voisey's Bay News Sept. 96 p. 33; Williamson report for LIA p. 42	23, 24
	fly-in/fly-out operation is preferred - continuation of traditional activities	open house Rigolet Nov 24/95; Williamson report for LIA, p. 17, 39, 41, 55, 57	23, 24
	recommendation for permanent town at mine site	Williamson report for LIA p. 57; Cartwright scoping meeting (May 7/97)	23, 24
	disparity between mining and non-mining sectors of communities - inflation	open house Makkovik Nov 22/95; Williamson report for LIA p. 32, 65, 73	23, 24
	people may move from Nain to live at mine site or other communities	Williamson report for LIA p. 30	23, 24
	community expansion due to inmigration of workers and families	Williamson report for LIA p. 58	23, 24
	drinking and violence increases when young men return from mine - they don't save money	Voisey's Bay News Jan 97 p. 13	23, 24
	project termination and no project scenario effects on Goose Bay	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97)	3, 23, 24
	alchohol and drug abuse, family violence, psychological stress, loss of self reliance, traditional lifestyles	Health Canada (3) p23; PTLC (13) p15, (117) p4; Wolfrey (88) p10; Postville Youth (95) p1; Postville Development Committee (133) p1	23, 24
	Innu Nation background, problems	Innu Nation (H); Paul Rich (113) p1-3	2, 20, 23, 24
	family separation and stress	Wolfrey (88) p9; Ford (89) p2	23, 24
social problems	gambling education programs	Collective Voices of Women (108) p25	23, 24
	problems arise from young people seeking entertainment in Goose Bay/Nain	Collective Voices of Women (108) p15, 25	23, 24
	increased crime and fear	Collective Voices of Women (108) p27	23, 24
	policies to reduce social problems at site and in communities	PTLC (117) p3	4, 23, 24
social services and agencies	availability, service gaps, volunteer work	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p9; Wolfrey (88) p10; Collective Voices of Women (108) p25	23
socioeconomic baseline studies	use of Innu Nation research in EIS unclear	St. John's scoping meeting (April 28/97)	7
spirituality	churches and religion	open house Hopedale July 96	20
	"mining development is killing our Spirits as Aboriginal people"	Voisey's Bay News Dec 96 p. 30	20
	seven day work weeks may affect spirituality	Junck (18 - Moravian Minister) p1	20
	Innu spirituality	Henriksen (114) p5, 13, 14	20
study area boundaries	too small	Innu, LIA (Goose Bay May 29/96)	2
supporting works	may be a significant change from project description	Goose Bay scoping meeting (April 25 97)	3
sustainable development	should include sustainability of Innu culture, language and rights	Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97)	20
	Innu culture must be sustained	Paul Rich (113) p5	20
	Innu rights must be sustained	Paul Rich (113) p5	20
tailings disposal	environmental effects - drinking water quality, wildlife	open houses (Makkovik, Rigolet, Goose Bay Nov/Dec 95; Utshimassits, Sheshatshiu Feb 96); Williamson report for LIA p. 47, open house Rigolet Aug 96; information session (Nain Aug 14/96, Sept 11/96); Sheshatshiu scoping meeting (May 15/97)	3, 4, 10-18
	site selection process	Innu -Goose Bay May 29/96	3
	acid generation potential and underwater storage	Williamson report for LIA p. 47, open house (Nain, Rigolet - July/Aug 96)	3, 4
	presence of fish in tailings site	open house (Hopedale - July 96)	11
	tailings should not be dumped in sea to avoid affects on seals, salmon and arctic char	Williamson report for LIA p. 47, 62, 70	3
	flooding due to high precipitation/spring melt	Town Council of Nain (16) p8; Webbs Family (21) p2-3	3, 10
	acid rock drainage, environmental effects	DOE (2) p19; Webbs Family (21) p3; LIA (25) p23; LMA (98) p12; Town Council of Postville (94) p1	3, 10, 11-18
	alternatives	Chambers (112) p2	3
tourism	effects on provincial tourism	PTLC (13) p11	22
toxic substances	characteristics, sources, quantities	DOE (2) p16	3,10,11,12
translation	few people would read technical documents translated into Innu-aimun - would prefer a video or translator	Goose Bay scoping meeting (April 25 97)	Summary and Conclusion
travel	skidoo trail to Nain	open house Postville Nov 21/95	3, 4, 9, 20
	valley between Anaktalak Bay and Discovery Hill is a traditional travel route - the west side was used as a dog sled route	open house Nain Dec 2/95	3, 4, 9, 20
	decreased flight availability due to VBNC use of coastal flights	Williamson report for LIA p. 42, 58	3, 23
violence against women	statistics, social stressors, impacts of second large influx of men (Goose Bay), security measures at site, sexual harassment	Tongamiut Inuit Annait (14) p7; Postville Women's Group (93) p3; Collective Voices of Women (107) p4, (108) p7	24
wage economy	linguistic impacts	Innu Nation - Goose Bay May 28/96	20
	counselling for new wage earners	Williamson report for LIA, p. 18, 30, 73	3, 20
waste management	garbage disposal, waste materials	open houses (Nain Dec 2/95; Goose Bay Dec 4/95)	3, 4
	littering	open house Postville July 96	4
waste management	disposal at Nain town dump	Williamson report for LIA p. 25; Town Council of Nain (16) p10; Junck (18 - Moravian Minister) p1	3, 4
	fly out and recycle waste	Williamson report for LIA p. 38	3, 4
	sewage treatment in communities	Williamson report for LIA p. 38	23
waste rock disposal	alternatives	Chambers (112) p3	3
water	pond drawdown at exploration camp	Innu Nation - Goose Bay May 28/96; Voisey's Bay News June 96 p. 47	3, 4, 10
	effects on watersheds	information sessions (Nain Aug 14/96, Sept 11/96)	4, 10
	effluents	DOE (2) p15; Heathcote (116) p3	3, 4, 10
	air emissions, dust	DOE (2) p17; Heathcote (116) p15	3, 4, 8
	groundwater regime, water balance model, water management scheme	NRCan (6) p8; Heathcote (116) p23; MacKillop (128) p3	3, 4, 10
	geochemical baseline and monitoring	NRCan (6) p8	10, TOR
	effects on spawning grounds of char and other species	LIA (25) p13; Naskapi (105) p15	11, 12
	water extraction, water table lowering, nutrient loading, altered flow patterns	Heathcote (116) p6, 23; Harrington (110) p13	4, 10
	sedimentation regime alteration	Heathcote (116) p7, 23	10, 11
	contaminants, pollutants	Heathcote (116) p7-9; Naskapi (105) p15; Harrington (110) p15	8-18, 20
	should investigate full range of technologies for removal of metals from effluent listed in MOEE 1993 report (Kilborn and EAG)	Heathcote (116) p10-12, 18	3
	runoff	Heathcote (116) p14	4, 10
	consideration of acute and chronic toxicity to fish and invertebrates	Heathcote (116) p18	10, 11, 12
	distinguish between "technically feasible" and "economically achievable"	Heathcote (116) p18, 19, 21	10
	worst case conditions	Heathcote (116) p18	3
	impacts by drainage basin	Heathcote (116) p18	10
	performance of existing treatment facilities	Heathcote (116) p20	3
	bedload and suspended sediment load	Heathcote (116) p24	10-12
	water chemistry, monitoring	Schindler (115) p5	4, 10
	stormwater flows	Chambers (112) p5	10
	treatment technology, capacity and probability of non-compliance	MacKillop (128) p3	3
waterfowl	nesting sites on islands may be disturbed by small boats	LIA (25) p13	15
	impacts of stream diversions, water withdrawals, effluents groundwater and accidents on migratory birds, species at risk (Harlequin Duck) and wetlands	DOE (2) p15-16	10, 14, 18
wildlife	animals have been injected and flown elsewhere, chased by helicopters, run over cliffs	open house (Nain, Utshimassits Dec/96	4
	migration disturbance, pollution and avoidance of Voisey's Bay area, overhunting/lack of hunting	Innu Nation Task Force p. 13, 36, 71; Williamson report for LIA p. 24; open house (Nain, Postville July 96)	4
	elders should be consulted about wildlife issues	Voisey's Bay News July 96 p. 14	3, 4
	impacts of camp snowmobiles	open house Nain Dec 2/95	4, 13-18
wildlife	drilling by large number of companies may scare away wildlife	Williamson report for LIA p. 47	13-18
	disruption should be minimized since small game and birds are scarcer than they used to be	Williamson report for LIA p. 62	3, 4
	impacts of helicopter and airplane noise and traffic	LIHC (29) p25; Collective Voices of Women (107)	4, 13-18
	dust effects on habitat and uptake of metals from soil by vegetation and animals	PTLC (13) p12	14
wildlife	baseline conditions of metals in biota	PTLC (13) p12	1, 11-18
	existing environment for small mammals, caribou, moose, black bear, avifauna, furbearers and other wildlife	PTLC (13) p12-13	2, 11-18
	changes in fur quality can affect harvesting	Innu Nation (46) p17; Clement (111)	20
	terrestrial risk assessment should include long-lived herbivore and top-level predator	DOE (55) p7	10-18, 20
	blasting noise may be mitigated by open pit shape and warning sound	Harrington (110) p13	4
	transportation plans should consider sensitive daily and seasonal times for wildlife	Harrington (110) p13	4
wildlife habitat/ wetlands	road route may disturb	Innu - Goose Bay May 28/95	4, 13-18
	sensitive habitats should be identified before exploration or drilling - water pump next to beaver dam, timber cutting along stream beds	Williamson report for LIA p. 70	4, 13-18
	important habitat for caribou, wolves, bears, small mammals and migratory birds (including Harlequin duck and peregrine falcon)	Innu Nation Task Force p. 1	4, 13-18
women's issues	women's issues must be addressed in EIA process	Nain, St. John's, Postville, Sheshatshiu scoping meetings (April 16/17 &29; May 12,15/97);	24
	sensitivity training for onsite personnel regarding sexual harassment, family violence and treatment of women	Goose Bay scoping meeting (April 25 97)	3
	training, working conditions, family life; advisory boards could assist	Goose Bay scoping meeting (May 13/97)	3, 20, 24
	gender analysis, methods, feminist research, impacts on women	TIA (14); PTLC (13) p11; Postville Women's Group (93)	24
	must address concerns	TIA (14); Williams (20) p2; Ashini (132) p6	20, 24
	company funds for sex education programs, family violence counselling, maintenance of shelters, drug and alcohol abuse remedial programs, social worker training, equitable employment	LIHC (29) p27; TIA (14)	3
	employment, training, employment equity and implementation programs, women's facilities, consultation with WITT	PLTC (13) p11, (117) p4; TIA (14); Women's Policy Office (52) p3; Collective Voices of Women (107) p4-5, (108) p11, 17, 19	3
	community infrastructure such as health clinics	PLTC (13) p11; TIA (14)	23
	Aboriginal women will have additional burden of trying to maintain their culture and way of life without support from their spouses	PLTC (13) p11	20
	problems experienced by women employees of Inco	"Women of the Mines" (42)	3, 24
	violence against women, sexual assault and sexual harassment, harassment policies must be public	Women's Policy Office (52) p2; Collective Voices of Women (108) p8,19	20
	impacts on women-headed households and creation of single parents	Postville Women's Group (93) p1; Collective Voices of Women (108) p26	23
	women's mental and physical health	Postville Women's Group (93) p4; Collective Voices of Women (107) p6	3
	community infrastructure demands; service gaps may stress women's volunteer work, particularly when mine employment removes resources	Postville Women's Group (93) p5; Collective Voices of Women (108) p26	3
	trained ombudswomen on-site	Collective Voices of Women (107) p4, 19; (108) p10,12,20	3
	accommodation for married couples	Collective Voices of Women (107) p4, (108) p10	3
	female security staff	Collective Voices of Women (107) p4, (108) p10	3
	concerns re health effects on women of child-bearing age of doses of radiation through X-ray machines, and re body cavity searches	Collective Voices of Women (108) p16	3
women's issues	orientation to the workplace and awareness of gender and culture differences, stress management training, acceptable humour, difficulties related to working in male-dominated workforce, discrimination	Collective Voices of Women (107) p4-5, (108) p7, 9, 11, 12,15,20; PTLC (117) p4	3
	examination of systemic barriers to integration of women, training for management positions	Collective Voices of Women (107) p4-5, (108) p11, 19	3
	childcare for female and male employees, day and night; opportunities for women with children are severely limited; pregnancy results in a loss of employment opportunity	Collective Voices of Women (107) p5, (108) p11,16,22,24	3
	women hired by subcontractors may experience problems; BHP experience	Collective Voices of Women (107) p6, (108) p18,21,22	3
	establish women's advisory body	Collective Voices of Women (107) p10, (108) p19, 29	3
	security of women in transit, possibility of being stranded in a community due to weather	Collective Voices of Women (108) p7, 12, 21, 23	3
	women may worry about youth due to influence of others at site	Collective Voices of Women (108) p15	3
	younger workers require different and additional support to cope with workplace adjustments	Collective Voices of Women (108) p22	3
	women may be blamed if family structure fails	Collective Voices of Women (108) p25	24

6 Issues Scoping and Valued Environmental Components

6.1 Issues Scoping

6.2 Selection of Valued Environmental Components

6.3 References

Appendix 6A Cross Reference of Issues Raised About the Project to EIS Chapters

Appendix 6A
Cross Reference of Issues Raised
About the Project to EIS Chapters